Bowl liner for gyratory crusher



Feb. 15, 1966 G. SYMONS 3,235,190

BOWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHER Original Filed Nov. 14 1961 3Sheets-Sheet 1 'INVENTOR. Za/w gay/Ma,

Park [far/er ///am4w,

Feb. 15, 1966 1.. G. SYMONS 3,235,190

BOWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHER Original Filed Nov. 14 1961 3 Sheetshee2 INVENTOR.

Feb. 15, 1966 BOWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHER Original Filed Nov. 14,1961 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I INVENTOR. [WM 5. fijwrfalbg I pd/hr Zia/Xe) \i/%//ameyaz L. G. SYMONS 3,235,190

United States Patent ()fifice 3,235,190 Patented Feb. 15, 1966 3,235,190BGWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHER Loren G. Symons, North Hollywood, Caiii,assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis, acorporation of Wisconsin Original application Nov. 14, 1961, Ser. No.152,221, now Patent No. 3,140,834, dated July 14, 1964. Divided and thisapplication Get. 5, 1962, Scr. No. 228,533 12 Claims. ((11. 241-29) Thisis a division of Serial No. 152,221, filed November 14, 1961, now US.Patent No. 3,140,834, issued July 14, 1964.

This invention is in the field of material reduction machines and isconcerned, among other things, with an improved gyratcry crusher.

A primary object of the invention is an improved gyratory crusher whichis efficient in use.

Another object is an improved bowl liner for a gymtory crusher.

Another object is an improved locking arrangement for the bowl liner ofa gyratory crusher.

Another object is improved wearing parts for a gymtory crusher.

Another object is a flexible system for varying the crushing cavitycontours of a gyratory crusher.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the ensuing specificationand drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a vertical section of a gyratory crusher;

FIGURE 2 is a portion of FIGURE 1, on an enlarged scale;

FIGURE 3 is a portion of FIGURE 1, on an enlarged scale, partially infull; and

FIGURE 4 is a top View of the liner, partially shown in FIGURE 3.

In FIGURE 1, a crusher has been shown generally including the followingmain parts, a main frame A which supports a bowl structure B relea-sablyheld on the main frame by a release mechanism C and arranged to beadjusted by an adjustment mechanism D. The main frame also supports acrushing head E defining a crushing cavity with the bowl.

The main frame A includes a base flange with an upstanding housing 12and a supporting flange 14 for the bowl structure at the upper end.

The bowl structure B may include an adjustment or tilting ring 100 screwthreaded as at 102 to a bowl 104. As shown in FIGURE 2, the adjustmentring rests on and is supported by an upstanding annular flange 166 onthe main frame witn the two having opposed upwardly and inwardlydirected or convergent contacting or abutting surfaces 103 whichconstitute the sole support or contact between the bowl structure andframe.

The bowl proper is provided with a generally cylindrical outer portion128 which has a threaded exterior and an inner somewhat frusto-conicportion 136 which rises and terminates in an annular shoulder or ledge132. The ledge supports an annular insert 134 which may be removablywelded both to the shoulder 132 and to a back-up portion 136 higher upon the bowl. The insert may be generally L-shaped in cross section,having a trough-like appearance, opening generally upwardly andsubdivided by webs or strengthening ribs 138 into a plurality ofpockets.

A generally frusto-conic liner 140 has a generally continuous outwardlydisposed ledge 142 at its upper end, in FIGURE 3. The inner portion 144of the bowl insert projects inwardly and, in effect, functions as aback-up for the upper portion of the liner. The diameter of the innerportion of the insert is slightly greater than the outer diameter of theledge 142 on the liner so that the liner may be raised in the bowl inthe position shown.

The liner is held in place by a plurality of wedge elements 146, shownin FIGURE 3, each of which may have a crowned forward surface 148 andslide on an annular fiat surface 149 on the bowl insert. The wedge isforced radially inwardly under the ledge 142 on the liner by a bolt 150or the like, which fits in a socket 152 in the insert. A thrust nut 154on the bolt has a convex forward surface which fits in a correspondingconcave surface or socket 155 in the rear of the wedge. Thus, the wedgemay be forced inwardly against the liner by turning the thrust nut 154.The contacting surface 148 of the wedge is crowned or arcuate bothvertically and horizontally.

As shown in FIGURES 3 and 4, the upper ledge or flange 142 at the top ofthe liner is formed into a plurality of segments or locking surfaces156, each of which is helically disposed to the liner axis with a point156a of maximum downward excursion and swung on an arc eccentric to theliner axis with a point 157 of maximum outward excursion, as shown inFIGURE 4. Six such locking surfaces have been shown, but it should beunderstood that more or less may be used. The under surfaces of theledges are arcuate in cross section, at 158, and the return surface 160between locking surfaces may be swung on a small are or may be straight.The direction of the helix of each surface 156 is such, relative to thedirection of rotation of the head, that the liner tends to tightenitself on the crowned faces of the wedges. The wedges may bedifferentially forced in against the locking surfaces 156 on the lineruntil the liner is pulled up firmly against the bowl proper.

A feed cone 162 is positioned above the crushing cavity which may restwith its lower end 164 against a blunt conical face 166 on the upperouter portion of the liner ledge. Otherwise, the feed cone may beloosely or freely held in place. The bowl may have an upper extension168 which surrounds the feed cone.

In effect, a composite bowl structure is provided, i.e. the bowl proper104 and an adapter. The bowl proper may be used with a wide number ofdifferent bowl adapters or inserts, depending upon the desired contourof the bowl liner and the contour of the particular head or crushingmember used. Depending upon whether a machine is for coarse, medium orfine crushing, the particu lar bowl insert or adapter may be insertedand adapted to the bowl proper 104. To adapt a crusher for a differentpurpose, one needs rnerelyto substitute a different adapter.

When the liner 140 is worn out, the thrust nuts 154 can be backed olf orthe bolts may be torched out. This frees the wedges so that they can bebacked off and the liner can be easily removed and replaced.

It will be realized that whereas a practical and operative device hasbeen described and claimed, nevertheless, many changes may be made inthe size, shape, number and disposition and relation of parts withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention. It is, therefore, wishedthat the description and drawings be taken as in a broad senseillustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting to the preciseshowing.

The use, operation and function of the invention are as follows:

The head and bowl carry opposed renewable crushing members, identifiedas a mantle on the head and a bowl liner on the bowl. These opposedparts define a crushing cavity to receive material fed downwardly and,preferably, inwardly from above. As the eccentrically apertured sleeverotates, the head is gyrated about the point X of FIGURE 1, and acrushing nip or approach of head to bowl passes around the crushingcavity. The opposed crushing members are subjected to wear and arerenewed at various intervals, depending upon the particular materialcrushed.

With reference to the wearing parts, and particularly to the bowl linershown in FIGURES 3 and 4, the liner 1% has at its upper edge acontinuous, outwardly disposed flange or ledge 142 which serves as areinforcement for the upper edge of the bowl liner. This reinforcingflange 142, which is continuous, has an outwardly generally continuouslower surface. Since the outer edge of the flange 142 is of a diameterless than the diameter of the inner edge of the bowl insert or adapter,the bowl liner may easily be upwardly inserted from below, and may bedownwardly freely removed through the bowl structure when removal isdesired. Simple means, however, are provided for holding the bowl linerin position without the use of a complicated structure and without theuse of any securing means which can get so packed with material or dustduring use as to be difficult of removal. As will be clear from FIGURES1 and 3, the bowl insert or adapter has a generally plane upper surface.Wedges may be thrust inwardly toward the upper edge of the bowl liner bythe thrust nuts. Release of the bowl liner is simple and easy, since allthat is necessary is to back off the thrust nuts or cut the bolts 156with a torch or the like.

The flange 142 at the upper edge of the liner is engaged by the wedgeswhich constitutes support for the liner in the bowl and also makes theliner self-tightening. The lower surface of the flange, as at 156, isformed into a plurality of surfaces, each of which is both eccentricallyand helically disposed relative to the direction of gyration of the headof the crusher. The point of maximum downward helical excursion 156a ofthe flange is slightly above the supporting surface 149 of the bowlinsert when the liner is properly positioned in the bowl. The point ofmaximum outward eccentric excursion, as at 157, lies within thecircumferential interior of the supporting surface, as at 17% in FIGURE3, so that the liner is easily inserted. Thus, the maximum outwardexcursion 157 of the flange clears the inner edge of the supportingsurface 170.

The effect of this combination of the helically and eccentricaliydisposed flange is that the reactive thrust against the wedge face 148is at a distinct angle, such as along the broken line 172 in FIGURE 3.This has the advantage that the line of reaction will fall outside ofthe inner edge of the supporting surface 149. This is to say that thereaction will fall on the supporting surface 149.

I claim:

1. For use with gyratory crushers and the like, a bowl liner andsecuring assembly therefor which includes a generally frusto-conic bodyof manganese steel or the like having about its upper edge an outwardlyextending reinforcing flange having an outwardly disposedcircumferentially extending lower surface formed into a plurality ofeccentric steps, and a plurality of wedge segments each being formed todirect a generally radial inward thrust against one of the eccentricsteps, whereby to cause an upward thrust against the lower surface ofsaid flange, the individual wedges each having a screw threaded stem anda thrust nut threaded thereon.

2. In a gyratory crusher, a main frame, a bowl mounted in the main framefor adjustment, an insert positioned in the bowl with means forremovably supporting a bowl liner against the bowl, the bowl having anupwardly and inwardly extending frusto-conical portion, truncated toterminate in a supporting ledge, the insert being positioned on theledge and in outward contact thereabove with the bowl, the insert havinga troughlike interior, opening inwardly and upwardly, and a plurality ofindividual pock ets formed in the trough to support individual clampingunits to removably clamp the liner against the bowl.

3. The structure of claim 2 further characterized by and includingcylindrical mating surfaces between the bowl and insert to accuratelycenter the insert in the bowl.

4. In a bowl liner for gyratory crushers and the like, a frusto-conicbody having about its upper end an outwardly extending reinforcingflange, the lower outer surface of said flange being formed into aplurality of surfaces, each of which is eccentrically and helicallydisposed relative to the liner axis such that the liner will tend to beself-tightening on the bowl.

5. A bowl liner for use in gyratory crushers and the like with means forsupporting and securing the liner in relation to the bowl thereof withthe crusher having a supporting upwardly facing annular surface aboutthe upper end of the bowl liner, the improvement comprising a generallyfrusto-conic body of manganese steel or the like adapted to be disposedgenerally upright in such a crusher, small end up, and having anoutwardly extending generally continuous flange about its upper enddisposed circumferentially about the upper end of the liner and having agenerally continuous lower surface, the liner being constructed so thatwhen it is properly positioned in the crusher, the lower surface of theflange will be at a level slightly above the supporting surface of thecrusher, the lower surface of the flange being divided into a series ofseparate surfaces, each of the separate surfaces increasing in excursionboth helically and axially in a direction such that the liner will tendto be self-tighening in use, the maximum helical downward excursion ofeach such surface lying in a plane generally above the supportingsurface of the crusher when the liner is properly positioned in thecrusher, the maximum outward eccentric excursion of each such surfacelying within the circumferential interior of the supporting surface sothat the liner may be initially inserted without contacting the interiorof the supporting surface, the minimum helical excursion of each suchsurface lying sufficiently above the supporting surface, when the lineris properly positioned in the crusher, such that each may be contactedby a wedging element mounted for inward radial movement on thesupporting surface to hold the liner in place.

6. The structure of claim 5 further characterized in that the lowersurface of the flange has an outer edge which is convexly rounded incross section.

7. The structure of claim 5 further characterized in that each of theseparate surfaces are separated by individual steps.

8. In a gyratory crusher or the like, a frame, a bowl in the frame, ahead mounted for gyratory movement relative to the bowl and defining acrushing cavity therewtih, and a bowl liner removably secured on thebowl, the frame having an upwardly facing annular surface above thecrushing cavity functioning as a support for the bowl liner, the bowlliner being in the form of a frusto-conic body of manganese steel or thelike disposed generally upright, small end up, and having an outwardlyextending generally continuous flange about its upper end with agenerally continuous lower surface, the liner being positioned in thecrusher with the lower surface of the flange slightly above thesupporting annular surface of the crusher, the lower surface of theflange being divided into a series of separate surfaces, each of thesurfaces increasing in excursion both helically and axially in adirection such that the liner will tend to be self-tightening, themaximum helical downward excursion of each such surface lying in a planegenerally above the supporting surface of the crusher, the maximumoutward eccentric excursion of each such surface lying within thecircumferential interior of the supporting surface, a plurality of wedgeelements mounted for radial movement on the supporting surfaceconstructed to project inwardly to engage the separate surfaces, theminimum helical excursion of each such surface lying sulficiently abovethe supporting surface, when the liner is in position on the crusher,such that the wedging element contacts it when projected inwardly.

9. The structure of claim 8 further characterized in that each of thewedge elements has a forward face opposite and engageable with theseparate surfaces, such face being convex both vertically andhorizontally.

10. The structure of claim 8 further characterized in that the separatesurfaces are separated by individual steps.

11. The structure of claim 8 further characterized in that the upwardlyfacing annular surface is a part of an insert positioned in the bowl,the bowl having a lower upwardly and inwardly extending surfaceterminating in a supporting ledge, the insert being positioned on theledge and in outward contact thereabove with the bowl.

12. The structure of claim 4 further characterized in that the lowersurface of the flange has an outer edge which is convexly rounded incross section.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,776,454 9/1930Symons 241-299 2,090,449 8/1937 Knudtzen 241300 2,107,786 2/1938Gruender 214-300 2,341,543 2/1944 Gruender 241-299 X 2,468,342 4/1949Munro 241-215 2,510,437 6/1950 Traylor 241-215 X 2,640,651 6/1953Gruender 241-215 2,684,208 7/1954 Werner 241215 2,916,219 12/1959 Broman241-299 2,971,705 2/1961 Werner 241-300 ROBERT C. RIORDON, PrimaryExaminer.

J. SPENCER OVERHOLSER, Examiner.

1. FOR USE WITH GYRATORY CRUSHERS AND THE LIKE, A BOWL LINER AND SECURING ASSEMBLY THEREFOR WHICH INCLUDES A GENERALLY FRUSTO-CONIC BODY OF MANGANESE STEEL OR THE LIKE HAVING ABOUT ITS UPPER EDGE AN OUTWARDLY EXTENDING REINFORCING FLANGE HAVING AN OUTWARDLY DISPOSED CIRCUMFERENTIALLY EXTENDING LOWER SURFACE FORMED INTO A PLURALITY OF ECCENTRIC STEPS, AND A PLURALITY OF WEDGE SEGMENTS EACH BEING FORMED TO DIRECT A GENERALLY RADIAL INWARD THRUST AGAINST ONE OF THE ECCENTRIC STEPS, WHEREBY TO CAUSE AN UPWARD THRUST AGAINST THE LOWER SURFACE OF SAID FLANGE, THE INDIVIDUAL WEDGES EACH HAVING A SCREW THREADED STEM AND A THRUST NUT THREADED THEREON. 